Common Physical Constants

Common physical constants. The values included here are approximates that are sufficient for rough calculations and are accepted in many school examinations. You can follow the link of each constant which will lead to the the corresponding wikipedia entry, where you can study its definition and obtain the exact value.

Name	Symbol	Value
Speed of Light	\(c\)	\(3.0 \times 10^8 \, \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}\)
Gravitational Acceleration	\(g\)	\(9.8 \, \mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}\)
Gravitational Constant	\(G\)	\(6.67 \times 10^{-11} \, \mathrm{N\,m^{2}\,kg^{-2}}\)
Density of Water	\(\rho_{w}\)	\(1000 \, \mathrm{kg\,m^{-3}}\)
Specific Heat of Water	\(c_{w}\)	\(4200 \, \mathrm{J\,kg^{-1}\,K^{-1}}\)
Elementary Charge	\(e\)	\(1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \mathrm{C}\)
Electron Rest Mass	\(m_{e}\)	\(9.1 \times 10^{-31} \, \mathrm{kg}\)
Vacuum Permittivity	\(\varepsilon_0\)	\(8.854 \times 10^{-12} \, \mathrm{F\,m^{-1}}\)
Avogadro Constant	\(N_A\)	\(6.02 \times 10^{23} \, \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\)
Gas Constant	\(R\)	\(8.314 \, \mathrm{J\,mol^{-1}\,K^{-1}}\)
Planck Constant	\(h\)	\(6.63 \times 10^{-34} \, \mathrm{J\,s}\)
Rydberg Constant	\(R\)	\(1.097 \times 10^7 \, \mathrm{m^{-1}}\)
Vacuum Permeability	\(\mu\)	\(4\pi \times 10^{-7} \, \mathrm{T\,mA^{-1}}\)
Boltzmann's Constant	\(k\)	\(1.38 \times 10^{-23} \, \mathrm{J\,K^{-1}}\)